THIRTEEN
Emergent Animals I
adapted from Biology, 10th Edition, 2015, pp. 533, 625
PROKARYOTES
PROTISTS
EUKARYOTES
CHOANOFLAGELLATE ANCESTOR
BACTERIA
ARCHAEA
FUNGI
CHOANOFLAGGELATES
THE FIRST ANIMAL!
-no distinct nuclei
-no other membranous organelles
-asexual reproduction by binary fission
-have membrane-enclosed organelles
(nucleus, mitochondria, plastids)
-multiple chromosomes of DNA and proteins
-sexual reproduction
-mitosis and meiosis
-ancestor to 2 clades: unikonts and bikonts
-a paraphyletic group (definition, below)
-Kingdom 'Protista' no longer a clade
-the first eukaryotes to evolve
-unicellular, multicellular, and simple, multicellular organisms
-includes algae, water molds, and protozoa
-
THE COMMON ANCESTOR OF ALL ANIMALS
-
CELLS BECOME SPECIALIZED TO PERFORM SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
unikont
bikont
(clade)
(clade)
(2 flagella)
-
a single, posterior flagellum
opisthokont
amoebozoa
